Note 03: Types

A value's type determines what operations make sense for it.

Type	Example	Typical Use
int	42	Whole-number counts
float	3.14	Measurements and fractional values
str	"hello"	Text
bool	True	Conditions and yes/no state

Conversion

input() always returns text, so numeric work often begins with conversion:

age_text = input("Age: ")
age = int(age_text)

Use conversion deliberately. If the user enters something unexpected, the program may fail unless later material adds validation.